Steel rail is divided into railway rails, light rails, conductive rails and crane rails. The cross-section shape of rail is composed of I-shaped section with the best bending performance, rail head, rail waist and rail bottom.
(1) steel rail for railway
Low alloy steel rails are developed on the basis of carbon rails. High carbon and low alloy steel rail has higher strength, better wear resistance, pressure resistance, brittle fracture resistance and fatigue fracture resistance than carbon rail. The rail varieties for railway use are 38, 43, 50, 60 and 75kg/m, etc. Special attention should be paid to prevent white spots during rail production.
(2) Light steel rail
It is mainly used in mining and forestry, and its varieties are 5,8,11,15,18 and 24 kg/m. Light steel rail is mainly made of carbon steel, and a few are made of low alloy steel. Light steel rails used in mines, underground and forest areas require corrosion resistance, so appropriate alloy elements such as copper, chromium, phosphorus and vanadium are added to the steel.
(3) Conductive steel rail
The steel rail used for conducting electricity in underground railway requires good conductivity, that is, the resistivity at 15℃ is less than 0.125 μ ω m. It is made of high-quality low-carbon aluminum killed steel.
(4) Crane steel rail
The chemical composition and manufacturing process of special cross-section steel rails used for various crane guide rails are the same as those of steel railway rails. The varieties are QU70, QU80, QUl00, QUl20 and so on